Unix OS Fundamentals: An Introduction to Unix
Lesson 1: History and Philosophy of Unix
Introduction :
- Unix Distribution: HP-UX , IRIX, BSD, AIX, Solaris
- 2002- Apple Releases OS X, Based on BSD Unix (NeXTSTEP)
- Linux is Most Successful Unix Derived OS
- Linux Is very Successful as a Server OS - LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) is a standard for web services development.
- Linux is the basis for cellphone and tablet OS android
- Unix/Linux OSes are majorly used in Server market and very less in Desktop PC market.
Commercial Unix Vendors and System Include:
Oracle - Solaris
IBM - AIX
HP- HP-UX
Basic Principle of UNIX:
- Modularity - Summing of small component, each one doing own task and coming together to create a whole system. (Also called as Composability)
- Portability - Can be easily embed into any hardware as i was developed in 'C'
- Simplicity - Unix programs should do one thing, do it well, and be simple for other programmers to understand
Unix and the open Source Model:
Open source Software: anyone can view or modify open source code, Any modification can be brought back into the software, and thus development is collaborative
Free vs Open Source Software:
- "Free" does not mean it is free for charge (it is free of charge, but that's not the point)
- Free software means Freedom to use, study, share,change (According to Free Software Foundation)
- So does open source
- Free software methodology focuses on freedoms of users
- whereas open source methodology focuses on technological superiority
Example: Not all Unix is open source
FreeBSD = Open Source
Solaris = Closed Source
Everything in UNIX is case sensitive.
Shell: A Shell provides you with an interface to the Unix system. It gathers input from you and executes programs based on that input.
You can check the shell by using echo $0 command.
echo $SHELL -> this will also return which shell we are using
pwd : Print Working Directory - It will return home directory
Usres gets their own directory , You can only make changes to your own directory , Not others, unless you have root access.
ls: list the directories
This will list the directory content
mkdir work
for making new directory named "work"
echo this is some text > data.txt
This will create the file data.txt and the file will contain test "this is some text"
vi data.txt -----text editor
This will show the content of the file
:q to quite from the file content
echo this is some more text > data.txt
This will append the text to the present text in the file.
mv data.txt work
This will move the data.txt file to work directory
cd work
This will change the directory to work
History
This will list the history of commands
rm data.txt
this will remove the file called data.txt
cd -
this will go back to home directory
rmdir work
this will remove the directory called work
Lesson 2: Unix Command Line
Shell: A Shell provides you with an interface to the Unix system. It gathers input from you and executes programs based on that input.
You can check the shell by using echo $0 command.
echo $SHELL -> this will also return which shell we are using
pwd : Print Working Directory - It will return home directory
Usres gets their own directory , You can only make changes to your own directory , Not others, unless you have root access.
ls: list the directories
This will list the directory content
mkdir work
for making new directory named "work"
echo this is some text > data.txt
This will create the file data.txt and the file will contain test "this is some text"
vi data.txt -----text editor
This will show the content of the file
:q to quite from the file content
echo this is some more text > data.txt
This will append the text to the present text in the file.
mv data.txt work
This will move the data.txt file to work directory
cd work
This will change the directory to work
History
This will list the history of commands
rm data.txt
this will remove the file called data.txt
cd -
this will go back to home directory
rmdir work
this will remove the directory called work
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